Key Findings Research Articles

Oxidative Coupling Assembly Induced Bio-engineered Quercetin Microspheres for the Gastrosparing Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium.

The study aimed to develop microspheres of quercetin by oxidative coupling assembly and these microspheres were used to deliver diclofenac sodium without causing gastrotoxicity. The oxidative coupling assembly of quercetin was carried out in the presence of copper sulfate to yield quercetin microspheres. The microsphere of quercetin was loaded with diclofenac sodium (QP-Diclo). The carrageenan induced paw edema in rats was used for anti-inflammatory action was studied by using and acetic acid-induced writhing in mice was used to study the analgesic potential of the QP loaded microspheres. The ulcerogenecity and gastrotoxicity comparison was made between diclofenac and QP-Diclo. The oxidative coupling assembly of quercetin resulted in microspheres of 10-20 μm in size, which were loaded with diclofenac sodium (QP-Diclo). The marked anti-inflammatory activity was observed by QP-Diclo treatment using carrageenan induced paw edema (in rats) and better analgesic activity than diclofenac sodium in mice. The administration of QP-Diclo significantly elevated the diminished overall nitrite/nitrate extent and thiobarbituric acid reactive and significantly increased the diminished superoxide dismutase activity in comparison to diclofenac sodium in gastric mucosa. The results suggested that dietary polyphenol quercetin can be converted to microspheres by oxidative coupling assembly and can be used to deliver diclofenac sodium without causing gastrotoxicity.

Psycho-neuroendocrine-immune Aspects of COVID-19 and its Relationship with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Abstract: A large body of literature indicates that the novel coronavirus disease (COVI D-19) was, and still is, a stressful and traumatic experience for different groups of people. Exposure to unexpected deaths or fear of death increases the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) anxiety disorder. Understanding the relationship between PTSD and SARS-CoV- 2 infection can help reduce the risk of developing psychiatric diseases, especially anxiety disorders. Here, we used the central mega databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer, and Science Direct. We explored the articles based on keywords and related articles. Social isolation stress during quarantine and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via increased cortisol synthesis and release seems to be key findings in current literature. Evidence shows that induced neuroendocrine changes in patients with COVID-19 can cause psychiatric diseases related to fear and anxiety. Studies suspect that angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland can be targeted by the infection and thereby could be a player in inducing psychiatric disorders. Here, we discuss the relationship between Covid-19 and post-traumatic stress disorder from psychoneuroendocrine- immune aspects and highlight the pro-inflammatory cytokines as mediators in the CNS-related processes, hoping to provide insights into the pathophysiology of PTSD.

Targeting Cysteine Proteases and their Inhibitors to Combat Trypanosomiasis.

Trypanosomiasis, caused by protozoan parasites of the Trypanosoma genus, remains a significant health burden in several regions of the world. Cysteine proteases play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma parasites and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for the development of novel antiparasitic drugs. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the role of cysteine proteases in trypanosomiasis and their potential as therapeutic targets. We discuss the biological significance of cysteine proteases in Trypanosoma parasites and their involvement in essential processes, such as host immune evasion, cell invasion, and nutrient acquisition. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies and research articles on the role of cysteine proteases and their inhibitors in trypanosomiasis. The selected studies were critically analyzed to extract key findings and provide a comprehensive overview of the topic. Cysteine proteases, such as cruzipain, TbCatB and TbCatL, have been identified as promising therapeutic targets due to their essential roles in Trypanosoma pathogenesis. Several small molecule inhibitors and peptidomimetics have been developed to target these proteases and have shown promising activity in preclinical studies. Targeting cysteine proteases and their inhibitors holds great potential for the development of novel antiparasitic drugs against trypanosomiasis. The identification of potent and selective cysteine protease inhibitors could significantly contribute to the combat against trypanosomiasis and improve the prospects for the treatment of this neglected tropical disease.

Lora Based Advanced Multipurpose Security System

Abstract: As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to evolve, the demand for advanced multipurpose security systems has become increasingly pronounced. This review paper explores the integration of Long Range (LoRa) technology into the realm of security, presenting a comprehensive analysis of its applications and benefits. LoRa's exceptional characteristics, including extended range, low power consumption, and scalability, position it as a promising solution to the limitations of traditional security systems. The paper begins with an introduction to the current challenges in security systems and the need for innovative approaches. It then delves into a detailed exploration of LoRa technology, elucidating its technical aspects and showcasing its advantages over conventional communication protocols. A critical component of the paper lies in dissecting the elements of an advanced multipurpose security system. The integration of LoRa into intrusion detection sensors, video analytics through surveillance cameras, access control systems, and seamless connectivity with smart home devices is thoroughly examined. This comprehensive approach aims to highlight the versatility and efficacy of LoRa in addressing diverse security requirements. The communication architecture section elucidates the role of LoRa as the primary communication protocol. Emphasis is placed on the implementation of mesh networking to enhance reliability and coverage, accompanied by robust data encryption protocols to secure sensitive information. Realworld implementations and case studies form a pivotal part of this review, providing tangible examples of successful LoRa-based security systems. Performance metrics and comparisons with traditional security setups serve to underscore the practical advantages of adopting LoRa in security applications. In conclusion, this paper synthesizes key findings, emphasizing the transformative impact of LoRa on advanced multipurpose security systems. The integration of LoRa technology offers a scalable, efficient, and secure solution to the evolving landscape of security challenges. The abstract serves as a precursor to a comprehensive exploration of LoRa's role in shaping the future of security systems.

Cybersecurity risks in online banking: A detailed review and preventive strategies applicatio

In an era where the digital transformation of the banking sector intersects with the escalating complexity of cyber threats, this paper endeavors to dissect the multifaceted realm of cybersecurity within the banking industry. With a backdrop of increasing online banking adoption and the concomitant rise in cybercrime, the study aims to illuminate the current cybersecurity landscape, evaluate the efficacy of existing frameworks and propose strategic enhancements to fortify digital defenses. Employing a methodological amalgam of literature review and analysis of recent cybersecurity incidents, this investigation delves into the intricacies of cyber threats, the financial repercussions of breaches and the robustness of current cybersecurity measures in banking. The scope of this paper encompasses a comprehensive examination of recent cyber incidents, an assessment of the financial impact of cyber-attacks, an evaluation of the effectiveness of existing cybersecurity frameworks and the formulation of strategic recommendations for bolstering cybersecurity measures. Through this scholarly inquiry, key findings emerge, highlighting the critical need for dynamic cybersecurity strategies that integrate advanced technologies, promote regulatory compliance and foster a culture of cybersecurity awareness. Conclusively, the study posits that the banking sector must embrace a holistic and adaptive approach to cybersecurity, underscored by strategic investments in technology, education, and collaboration. Recommendations advocate for the integration of Big Data analytics, artificial intelligence and continuous risk assessment methodologies to navigate the evolving cyber threat landscape effectively. This paper serves as a clarion call to banking institutions, urging a reinvigorated commitment to cybersecurity resilience in safeguarding financial assets and customer trust against the backdrop of digital transformation.

Reviewing predictive analytics in supply chain management: Applications and benefits

Supply chain management (SCM) is a critical component of modern business operations, and the integration of predictive analytics has emerged as a transformative force in enhancing efficiency, decision-making, and overall performance. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the applications and benefits of predictive analytics in supply chain management, exploring its role in demand forecasting, inventory optimization, and supply chain visibility. The literature review provides a historical perspective on the evolution of predictive analytics in SCM, delving into key concepts and definitions. Drawing upon existing research, the paper analyzes real-world applications, case studies, and successful implementations in areas such as demand forecasting, inventory management, and supply chain visibility. Methodologically, the paper outlines the criteria for selecting relevant studies, details the search strategies employed, and highlights the sources contributing to the comprehensive understanding of predictive analytics in SCM. The exploration of applications focuses on how predictive analytics is revolutionizing demand forecasting, optimizing inventory levels, and enhancing supply chain visibility. Through case studies and examples, the paper illustrates the practical implications of implementing predictive analytics in these key areas. Real-world examples and data-driven insights underscore the transformative impact of predictive analytics on SCM processes. Despite its numerous advantages, challenges and limitations exist in the implementation of predictive analytics. This paper examines common hurdles and proposes strategies to overcome these challenges, offering a balanced perspective on the practical implications of integrating predictive analytics into supply chain management. Looking towards the future, the paper discusses emerging trends and technologies in predictive analytics, anticipating advancements that will further shape the landscape of SCM analytics. It summarizes key findings, outlines implications for practitioners and researchers, and suggests avenues for future research in the dynamic field of predictive analytics in supply chain management.

Integrative strategies for zoonotic disease surveillance: A review of one health implementation in the United States

Zoonotic diseases pose significant public health threats worldwide, highlighting the need for effective surveillance strategies. The One Health approach, which recognizes the interconnection between human, animal, and environmental health, has gained traction as a comprehensive framework for addressing zoonotic disease surveillance. This review explores integrative strategies for zoonotic disease surveillance in the United States, focusing on the implementation of One Health principles. The review examines the collaborative efforts between human and animal health sectors, environmental agencies, and other relevant stakeholders in implementing One Health surveillance strategies. It highlights the importance of data sharing, communication, and coordination among these sectors to enhance early detection, rapid response, and effective control of zoonotic diseases. Key findings include the establishment of cross-sectoral surveillance systems, such as the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) and the National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS), which facilitate the collection and analysis of zoonotic disease data. These systems enable the identification of emerging zoonotic threats and the implementation of targeted interventions to mitigate risks. The review also discusses the role of technology, such as geographic information systems (GIS) and molecular epidemiology, in enhancing zoonotic disease surveillance. These tools enable the visualization of disease patterns and the tracking of disease transmission pathways, aiding in the development of effective control strategies. Challenges in implementing One Health surveillance strategies include limited resources, fragmented data systems, and regulatory barriers. Addressing these challenges requires increased investment in infrastructure, capacity building, and policy development to support integrated surveillance approaches. Overall, this review highlights the importance of One Health implementation in zoonotic disease surveillance and underscores the need for continued collaboration and innovation to enhance the effectiveness of surveillance efforts in the United States.

Effects of planetary day-night temperature gradients on He 1083 nm transit spectra

A notable fraction of helium observations probing the evaporating atmospheres of short-period gas giants at 1083 nm exhibit a blueshift during transit, which might be indicative of a day-to-night side flow. In this study, we explore the gas dynamic effects of day-to-night temperature contrasts on the escaping atmosphere of a tidally locked planet. Using a combination of 3D hydrodynamic simulations and radiative transfer post-processing, we modeled the transmission spectra of the metastable helium triplet. Our key findings are as follows: (1) Increasing the day-night anisotropy leads to a narrowing of the helium line and an increase in the blueshift of the line centroid of a few km s−1. (2) The velocity shift of the line depends on the line-forming altitude, with higher planetary mass-loss rates causing the line to form at higher altitudes, resulting in a more pronounced velocity shift. (3) A critical point of day-night anisotropy comes about when the blueshift saturates, due to turbulent flows generated by outflow material falling back onto the planet’s night side. (4) A strong stellar wind and the presence of turbulent flows may induce time variations in the velocity shift. Assuming that the day-night temperature gradient is the main cause of the observed blueshifts in the He-1083 nm triplet, the correlation between the velocity shift and day-night anisotropy provides an opportunity to constrain the temperature gradient of the line-forming region.

The contributions of Indigenous People's earth observations to water quality monitoring

Indigenous Knowledge, observations and understandings of Earth processes are not sufficiently included in global Earth Observations. Drawing on the results obtained during a 3-day hackathon event, we present evidence, best practices and recommendations to water quality organizations seeking to engage and share information with Indigenous communities. The hackathon event revealed three key findings: First, Indigenous Peoples report precise and accurate observations of changes in various Earth systems, particularly the hydrological cycle. Second, this information can significantly enhance global Outreach and Engagement efforts, aiding in the understanding of hydrological cycle components, water quality, mapping water courses, and monitoring and mitigating the effects of climate change (i.e., floods, droughts, etc.). Third, enabling Indigenous Peoples to contribute their scientific knowledge and utilize Earth Observations is crucial for the protection of other vital components of the water cycle. We addressed two crucial questions: What opportunities exist to include Indigenous Knowledge into Earth Observations, and what are the main challenges in doing so?

Towards Energy-Efficient Direct Air Capture with Photochemically-Driven CO2 Release and Solvent Regeneration.

The intensive energy demands associated with solvent regeneration and CO2 release in current direct air capture (DAC) technologies makes their deployment at the massive scales (GtCO2/year) required to positively impact the climate economically unfeasible. This challenge underscores the critical need to develop new DAC processes with significantly reduced energy costs. Recently, we developed a new approach to photochemically drive efficient release of CO2 through an intermolecular proton transfer reaction by exploiting the unique properties of an indazole metastable-state photoacid (mPAH), opening a new avenue towards energy efficient on-demand CO2 release and solvent regeneration using abundant solar energy instead of heat. In this Concept Article, we will describe the principle of our photochemically-driven CO2 release approach for solvent-based DAC systems, discuss the essential prerequisites and conditions to realize this cyclable CO2 release chemistry under ambient conditions. We outline the key findings of our approach, discuss the latest developments from other research laboratories, detail approaches used to monitor DAC systems in situ, and highlight experimental procedures for validating its feasibility. We conclude with a summary and outlook into the immediate challenges that must be addressed in order to fully exploit this novel photochemically-driven approach to DAC solvent regeneration.

The large family penalty in Italy: Poverty and eligibility to minimum incomes

AbstractThis paper argues that public policies, including minimum income schemes (MIS), should devote specific attention to large families, in terms of both benefits' generosity and targeting, to avoid unfair penalizations. Adopting a child‐centered approach to the definition of family size, and using a unique administrative‐survey linked database, this study provides two main contributions for the Italian case. First, it documents the consumption‐based absolute poverty outcomes according to sibling size, highlighting that large families are overexposed to this specific type of economic deprivation. Second, it investigates to what extent the household size and the number of children tend to be a penalizing factor for social benefit receipt. A key finding is that large families in absolute poverty are penalized in terms of both entitlement and generosity of MIS with the peculiar equivalence scale adopted by the scheme playing a crucial role.

Abstract 2961: Investigating the role of aging and treatment-induced senescence in the metastatic liver cancer tumor microenvironment

Abstract Liver senescence, marked by the progressive decline in hepatic cell function and regenerative capacity, plays a vital role in the context of aging, chronic liver diseases, and cancer progression, particularly when influenced by anti-cancer therapies. This study is designed to extensively characterize liver senescence under two specific conditions: replicative aging and therapy-induced changes. We examined liver samples from 20 individuals, covering a wide age range (young, <40 years; old, >60 years), and 16 cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis (ages 37-66). Our integrative approach melds single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) and ATAC-sequencing (snATAC-seq) to investigate the transcriptomic and epigenetic landscapes across a spectrum of liver cell types, including hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, stellate cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, and diverse immune cells. Key findings include an upregulation of senescence markers such as CDKN1A, CDKN2A, and HMGB1, particularly in specific hepatocytes from older individuals and various cell types in the CRC liver metastasis group. Furthermore, we noted a distinctive senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) across multiple immune cell types in our treated CRC liver metastasis group and upregulation of treatment-induced senescence gene signatures, such as SenCan. Moreover, hepatic stellate cells from older subjects exhibited augmented senescence-related gene signatures (SenSig) and transcription factors (SenMayo), with myofibroblast-like and FAP+ stellate cells showing a marked senescence phenotype, evidenced by elevated SASP molecule expression (CCL2, SERPINE1, GLB1, IGFBP7, IGFBP3).Incorporating advanced high-resolution imaging techniques, our study delves into the detailed morphological characteristics and spatial distribution of senescence markers within the liver in the setting of replicative aging and treatment-induced senescence. This study sheds light on the heterogeneity and intricacies of senescence-associated gene expression within liver cell populations. By combining comprehensive multiomic data with advanced high-resolution spatial profiling, we aim to decipher unique senescence phenotypes in the context of both replicative and treatment-induced senescence. Our work highlights the significance of cellular senescence in liver pathologies and cancer progression, suggesting new directions for therapeutic interventions that target these complex dynamics. Citation Format: Kelsey Gallant, Alla Karpova, Xiang Li, Michael Iglesia, Andrew Houston, Daniel Rapp, Chien-Wei Peng, Clara Liu, John Herdon, Feng Chen, Ryan Fields, Li Ding. Investigating the role of aging and treatment-induced senescence in the metastatic liver cancer tumor microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2961.

Comparative evaluation of drying methods for struvite produced from electrocoagulated source-separated urine: Implications for quality, energy and cost-effectiveness

Struvite precipitation from source-separated urine is crucial for waste utilization and sustainability. However, after precipitation, the high moisture content of struvite necessitates an additional drying process that can be costly and inefficient. In the present study, the performance of different drying methods—open sun drying, air drying, conventional drying (20–100 °C), and microwave drying (180–720 W) on the quality of struvite obtained from source-separated urine through electrocoagulation using Mg–Mg electrodes were evaluated. It was found that higher temperatures and power in the convective oven and microwave resulted in higher diffusivity (10−9-10−7 m2s−1), leading to reduced drying times. Different models were employed to comprehend the drying mechanism, and the one with the highest correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.99) and the lowest statistical values was selected. The key findings indicated that higher power and temperature levels were more cost-effective. However, characterization of the dried struvite using X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, disintegration of struvite crystals at temperatures above 60 °C in the conventional oven and 180 W in the microwave oven was observed. Based on the results, we conclude that sun drying is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative for drying struvite without compromising its quality.

Autonomy in Eating Disorder Treatment and Recovery (Emerald Full Text).

Abstract Purpose: This study has two aims: the first is to develop a rich and nuanced understanding of autonomy informed by lived experience data from peer-reviewed studies in the Eating Disorder literature; the second is to examine how experiences of autonomy influence treatment and recovery. Background: Eating Disorders are of significant concern, affecting approximately 9% of the global population and have the highest mortality rate of any mental health disorder (Arcelus, Mitchell, Wales and Nielsen 2011). Even the most effective interventions fail to benefit a substantial number of people, with a projected trajectory of enduring disability in 20-30% of Eating Disorder cases internationally (Strand 2021: 19). On average, recovery from an Eating Disorder lasts from one to six years (Butterfly Foundation 2015: 16). Despite these concerning statistics, current understandings of autonomy are individualistic, with treatment practices exerting external control and influence, rather than supporting autonomy. Furthermore, the absence of trauma acknowledgment likely affects how people with lived experience of an Eating Disorder, and their treatment providers, negotiate treatment and recovery goals. Research Design: A rapid evidence assessment was conducted to answer the research question: How do we understand the autonomy of people with lived experience of an Eating Disorder, and what does this mean for their treatment and recovery?. A systematic search of five electronic databases, the International Journal of Eating Disorders, and topic-specific grey literature from 2000-2021 was undertaken. Twenty articles were deemed eligible for inclusion in the study. Interpretive phenomenological analysis was undertaken to inform the key findings and discussion. Findings and Discussion: The researcher identified four central themes: Self versus Eating Disorder, Self in Treatment, Self in Recovery, and Others in Relation to Self. These themes enabled rich re-conceptualisation of autonomy, identifying a recursive Lack of Autonomy Loop affecting many clients currently being treated for Eating Disorders, and under-researched aspects of autonomy including relational factors and the absence of trauma-informed approaches for (re) establishing autonomy. Conclusion: Research findings illuminate the shortcomings of current treatment models, provide options for alternate models, generate implications for social work practice and offer direction for future research and necessary policy change.

Global Residual Demand Analysis in a Deep Variable Renewable Energy Penetration Scenario for Replacing Coal: A Study of 42 Countries

This study analyzes the residual demand curves of 42 countries under five scenarios with varying variable renewable energy (VRE) levels to observe how replacing coal with VRE can alter the demand curve. Using 2018 demand data, the residual demand was calculated and analyzed by subtracting the VRE supply curve from the demand curve. The operational requirements for low-carbon load-following sources amid high VRE penetration are examined. Key findings indicate that substantial peak residual demand persists even with 70% energy from VREs, emphasizing the need for significant load-following resources. Transitioning to a 70% VRE scenario could reduce CO2 emissions by approximately 16.799 billion tons, advancing towards carbon neutrality. However, this benefit depends on maintaining grid stability, highlighting the importance of adequate load-following plants to manage VRE intermittency. Countries like Malaysia, South Korea, Tunisia, the UK, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, and Libya face higher load-following demands due to specific renewable energy contexts. This study reveals varying renewable energy environments across countries, suggesting that a universal strategy for carbon neutrality and replacing coal may not be feasible. Each nation must develop its own approach to emission reduction, considering its unique conditions. This research emphasizes the urgent need for developing cost-effective, flexible, low-carbon load-following sources to enhance decarbonization potential globally.

Comparing social media use in school management: experiences from Ukraine and the United States

This paper analyses and compares the use of social media in school management in Ukraine and the United States. It examines the types of social media used, purposes for use, and challenges faced. Key findings show that Facebook, YouTube, Instagram and X are most popular in both countries. Social media communicates with stakeholders, showcases school activities, and builds relationships. Challenges include data privacy, digital literacy, and misinformation. The paper reviews training programs in both countries to improve social media competency for school leaders. It concludes that social media has become an essential communications tool in education, accelerated by the pandemic's impacts.

Pedagogical approach of grade 7 teachers in teaching the learning competency of integers

This research addresses the intricate challenges of teaching integers in middle school mathematics. Focusing on grade 7 teachers, the study explores strategies to enhance integers' teaching-learning competency, revealing nuanced approaches employed by three teachers. Through qualitative methods, specifically in-depth interviews, the research uses an exploratory approach to unravel the underlying strategies shaping the teaching of integers. Key findings underscore integers as a formidable learning competency for grade 7 students, particularly in operations like addition and subtraction. The most effective pedagogical approach, encapsulated in the 3Rs — Reaching, Representing, Recommending — involves drill exercises for foundational concepts, integrating manipulatives like algebra tiles and coloured tiles, and advocating for continuous manipulative use with persistent drill exercises and integrating technology. These identified themes emphasize the need for a uniform understanding among teachers during discussions to ensure a cohesive and effective teaching strategy. Recognizing these strategies is crucial for addressing the existing learning gap and advancing grade 7 students' competency in dealing with integers. The research contributes valuable insights to the academic discourse, offering effective pedagogical practices and fostering a more robust foundation for mathematical understanding at the middle school level.

The Feasibility of using Automated Teller Machines (ATM) and (POS) Machines in the City of Najaf

This study aimed to provide an insight into electronic payment projects and their economic viability in the Iraqi environment. The feasibility results indicated a payback period of approximately five years. The project's short-term debt repayment capability stood at around 62%, which is satisfactory. Regarding project liquidity, it was at 27%, and its ability to utilize available resources was around 181%, exceeding expectations. Project management demonstrated high efficiency in capital utilization, estimated at 4.29 times the required amount. The revenue coverage ratio for operating costs yielded a good result of approximately 107%. The project's profitability in relation to total investments reached around 22%. The key findings highlight a genuine desire among banks and electronic money specialized companies to offer innovative and comprehensive services, aiding in attracting new customers and expanding the reach of electronic cash handling devices such as ATMs and POS terminals. However, according to market research, the proliferation of such devices does not align with population growth and the increasing demand for electronic services.

“What’s said and done in the mortuary stays in the mortuary”: secrecy and (in)visibility of the dead and data collection in South Australia

ABSTRACT This paper draws on original ethnographic research in Australia focussing on the handling, management, and conceptualisation of death and the dead human body in 2020–2021. Analysis produced themes of secrecy and (in)visibility regarding both death and the collection of data. Key findings discussed are the withdrawal of information and off-the-record comments from participants, controlling of public access to information, and the (in)visibility of death and the body in the context of the mortuary, viewings and identifications, and the presentation of the body in virtual spaces. The paper argues that those who work with death and the dead in this particular context have power to shield their work, the body, and their processes from the public. Future research exploring the attitudes held by the general public towards death and the body and whether they align or challenge the death industry is proposed.

A systematic review of educational online peer-review and assessment systems: charting the landscape

AbstractOver the past two decades, there has been an explosion of innovation in software tools that encapsulate and expand the capabilities of the widely used student peer assessment. While the affordances and pedagogical impacts of traditional in-person, “paper-and-pencil” peer assessment have been studied extensively and are relatively well understood, computerized (online) peer assessment introduced not only shifts in scalability and efficiency, but also entirely new capabilities and forms of social learning interactions, instructor leverage, and distributed cognition, that still need to be researched and systematized. Despite the ample research on traditional peer assessment and evidence of its efficacy, common vocabulary and shared understanding of online peer-assessment system design, including the variety of methods, techniques, and implementations, is still missing. We present key findings of a comprehensive survey based on a systematic research framework for examining and generalizing affordances and constraints of online peer-assessment systems. This framework (a) provides a foundation of a design-science metatheory of online peer assessment, (b) helps structure the discussion of user needs and design options, and (c) informs educators and system design practitioners. We identified two major themes in existing and potential research—orientation towards scaffolded learning vs. exploratory learning and system maturity. We also outlined an agenda for future studies.